2014湖北襄阳二调英语试题答案(3)

A
Well, what a bonus! Lots of us are using technology to find rides, and not just to school. It’s awkward to call
a friend and ask for a ride, and half the time they’ll say, “Sorry，my car is full.” But with Twitter and Facebook, you just tweet Ashleys Pool Party and look for other people heading the same way.
It may sound risky, but many teens stay within their own social circles to find rides, and don’t branch out beyond friends of friends when asking on Twitter. For me, I only rideshare with people I know, but to some young people, especially those taking longer trips, stranger danger is less of a concern.  
The sharing economy got big during the recession (经济衰退) . It allows people to access more goods and services using technology, while also allowing them to share cost. And that, technology, for me, is what the car was for my mom, a gateway to more freedom.  
According to the researchers at the University of Michigan,30 years ago, eight in ten American 18-year-olds had a driver’s license. Today it's six in ten. So it’s not that surprising that on my 16^th birthday I wasn’t rushing to get a license. All I wanted was an IPhone, Juliet Schor (Sociology professor at Boston College) knows people of my age love being connected and for young people driving means they have to disconnect from their technology, and that’s negative. So if they could sit in the passenger side and still be connected, that’s going to be a plus.
To me, another plus is ridesharing represents something much bigger than trying to save money. I see it as evidence that people still depend on each other. My generation shares their cars and apartments the way neighbors used to share cups of sugar. For the system to work, we still need our own cars. But until I get my own version of the silver Super Beetle, you can find me on twitter. 
51. The writer usually shares a car with ______.
A. anyone heading the same way               B. friends of friends
C. people he knows                 D. strangers of his age
52. Driving has become less of a choice for young people because ______.
A. they have to try hard to get a license  
B. it makes their connecting using technology impossible
C. driving one's own cars creates a negative impression
D. driving means offering free rides to others  
53. The last sentence of the passage indicates that_____.
A. he will buy the silver Super Beetle on Twitter
B. he is usually on Twitter when he is at work
C. he doesn’t need a car as long as he can be on Twitter  
D. he'll rideshare before he gets his own car
54. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Teens use Twitter to share rides.             B. Tips on reducing risks in rideshare 
C. Cars are no longer a gateway to freedom.      D. New generation knows how to save money 


                                      B  
A new study links heavy air pollution from coal burning to shorter lives in northern China.Researchers guess that the half-billion people alive there in the 1990s will live an average of 5 years less than the southerners because they breathed dirtier air.  
China itself made the comparison possible for decades, a then government policy provided free coal for heating, but only in the colder north. Researchers found great differences in both air pollution and the length of life in the two areas.
“This study provides a unique basis for the question about the life span in northern China because the heating policy dramatically changes pollution concentrations(含量),” Michael Greenstone, a professor of environmental economics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said in an email, “Further，due to the low rates of migration in China in this period, we can know people’s exposure over long periods”.
The policy gave free coal for fuel boilers to heat homes and offices to cities north of the Huai River which divides China into north and south. It was in effect for much of the 1950-1980 period, of central planning，and though such policy was stopped after 1980, the practice of heavy coal burning in the north goes on, which releases heavy pollutants(污染物)into the air that can harm human health.Researchers found no other government policies that treated China's north differently from the south.
The researchers collected data for 90 cities, from 1981 to 2000, on the annual daily average concentration of total particulates(微粒)sent out from power stations,construction sites and vehicles. Among them, PM2.5 is of especially great health concern because it can go deep into the lungs. 
The researchers estimated the impact on the length of life using death data from 1991-2000.They found that in the north, the concentration of pollutants was 184 micrograms per cubic meter, 55 percent higher than in the south, and life length is 55 years lower on average.
55. The main idea of this passage is that ______.
A. PM2.5 is of especially great health concern  
B. Researchers find air pollution shortens life
C. the government provided free coal for heating in North China  
D. coal burning causes bad air quality across China
56. According to Greenstone, what mainly caused the high pollution concentrations in North China?
A. power stations                         B. construction sites  
C. the government policy D. gases from vehicles
57. It is implied in the passage that ______.
A. coal is no longer used for heating in North China
B. air quality was comparatively better in South China